The wheel and tire vibration frequency is calculated by dividing the drive line frequency by the differential gear ratio. The frequency (Hz) of a vibration can help you isolate the possible cause. You can display the vibrations in a vehicle with the use of an electronic vibration analyzer. ![]() Vibrations are expressed as waves per second called Hertz (Hz). But here is the twist, no amount of balancing can truly fix an assembly that is not round. Both can be caused by either the wheel or tire. There are basically two issues that can cause this upset: lack of correct balance or lack of roundness. But if their spinning is upset (made irregular), even just a little bit, by anything on a steady basis, there is a potential for vibration. Typically large rotating masses like these act as a gyroscope, which is why a bicycle or motorcycle stays upright when the wheels are turning. If you do not count the rotational mass in the engine (crankshaft/pistons/rods/etc.), the four biggest places that rotational vibration can happen are each of the wheel and tire assemblies. ![]() Sometimes there are harmonic vibrations (two events combining), but for the purpose of this article, we will stick with the basics. Many vibrations in a vehicle are cyclic – meaning they are a series of singular events that recur regularly (in a pattern). ![]() It also includes some tips and repair techniques to prevent vehicle shakes, shimmies or vibration conditions to help you improve your customer’s ride and comfort. In this article, we will review some basics about tracking down and troubleshooting tire and wheel related vibration behavior.
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